❖ Part 2：近世の巻物とレシピ The Early Modern Scroll and the Recipe
１）奥田家に代々伝わる『飛州小坂大洞出湯記』を見よう！ Let's Look at the Record of Osaka Ōbora Hot Spring in Hida Province: The Scroll Passed down in Okuda Family for Generations
これから、湯屋温泉を訪れた一番目の目的を達成します。それは、先程述べたように、『飛州小坂大洞出湯記』を見ることです。
From now, I'm going to achieve the main goal of this Yuya hot spring visit. It is, as I mentioned earlier, to look at the Record of Osaka Ōbora Hot Spring in Hida Province.
私は、今、奥田さんのお宅に来ています。『飛州小坂大洞出湯記』を所蔵しておられます。所蔵者の奥田さんに特別な許可を得て、拝見させていただくことになりました。奥田さん、どうもありがとうございます。
Right now, I'm at the Okuda-san's house. Mr. Okuda, who owns the scroll, is kindly letting me take a look at it. Thank you so much.
ビデオ使用音楽 Music Used:
◉雨に消える声 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LyAtr5D49y0
下に、ビデオで述べた史料の主要な内容をまとめ、さらなる情報も追加しておきます。
Below, I will summarize the main content of the scroll introduced in the previous video and add some more details.
『飛州小坂大洞出湯記』を書いた岡部俊愈は、ずっと胸と腰の具合が悪く、「ややもすれば、腹中下り、或時は不食し、或時は頭痛し、夜も寝ねかね、ものにたいくつしてさまざまの病を憂ひ」と、苦しんでいました。有名な医者や治療法を試してみたが、治らない。そんな時です。俊愈の夢に薬師如来がでてきたのは。そこでは、三首の和歌が示されました。それが、ここの部分です。
OKABE Toshimasa, the author of the Record of Osaka Ōbora Hot Spring in Hida Province, had been suffering from chest and back problems for a long time. He wrote, "I tend to have an upset stomach, loss of appetite, a headache, and difficulty sleeping at night. This awful feeling of exhaustion and a loss of energy must be due to various diseases that I contracted."
やまのおく 世にたくひなく出るゆを 人のしらさる事そかなしき
くめやくめ くむみくすりのもとつかさ そなはりてあるあぢの五つを
しなじなに 五つのあぢは人のみか こころありてもなきもかはらす
It's sad that people don't know about this uniquely wonderful hot spring deep in the mountains.
Let's get some! The medicine you can scoop here is blessed with five flavors because of its key effective element.
The five different flavors are equally effective for those with a heart (i.e. humans and animals) and those without a heart (i.e. plants).
各和歌の冒頭（日本語）の音を連ねると、「やくし」となります。そして、各和歌の第二句の最後の音を連ねて読むと、「をさか」です。これは、何を表しているのでしょうか。
みなさん、もうお分かりですよね。
「やくし」＝薬師
「をさか」＝小坂
と読めるわけです。
When you read the first Japanese syllable of each poem in a row is read as "Ya-ku-shi." Likewise, when you read the last sound of the second phrase of each poem in a row, it is read as "Osaka."
What do these words suggest? Here, "Yakushi" means the Healing Buddha. And "Osaka" is the area I'm visiting now (= Yuya hot spring)
この和歌から、俊愈は、これは薬師如来が「小坂」という地に行けば病が治ると言っているお告げだと察して、そこがどこかを探し当て、はるばると飛騨国の小坂を訪れた訳です。そして、湯治をおこない、俊愈は晴れて病を治すことができたそうです。その時に、病を治しに湯屋温泉を訪れる後世の人々のために、この『飛州小坂大洞出湯記』を記したそうです。
By analyzing this poem, Toshimasa figured that the Healing Buddha was telling him to visit a place called "Osaka" to heal his illness, so he searched the location and came all the way to this area—Osaka in Hida. Then, he tried to cure himself with the Yuya's spring, and as a result, he ultimately recovered. While being here, he wrote the Record of Osaka Ōbora Hot Spring to help people of later generations who would also visit Osaka to cure their illness.
♨ 夢でのお告げを信じる？
Believing Oracles in Your Dream? ♨
ここで、前近代日本における神や仏からの予言に関する豆知識です。
This section offers a bit of knowledge about oracles from gods and buddhas in premodern Japan.
神仏が夢に現れてお告げをすることを夢想といいます。えっ、夢想を信じるなんて？と思うかもしれませんが、これは前近代日本では珍しいことではないんです。実は、平安〜鎌倉時代の他の史料にも、夢想により大事な決断をする、というのがよく出てきます。当時の日本人に夢が与えた影響は大きかったんですね…。でも、中世・近世の人々と私達がとてつもなくかけ離れているかというと、現代社会でも薬師如来の信仰や伝説を大事に語り伝える文化が各地に存在するわけですし、また現在の感染症拡大においては、藁にもすがりたい気持ちになる状態は、大いに理解できる気がします。つまり、今の私達にも繋がる部分は多々あるように思えます。
Musō means that a god or buddha appears in a dream and tells you a message. You might think "What? Believing in such fantasy?," but it is not uncommon in premodern Japan. In fact, other sources from the Heian and Kamakura times (794-1333) also show that contemporary people made important decisions based on their dreams. These examples tell us that for medieval and early-modern Japanese people, what they saw in their dreams had a great impact on their lives. Were their attitudes extremely different from ours?
Well, come to think of this, we can find various places that have preserved the faith and culture of the Healing Buddha and transmitted legends to future generations in modern times. Under difficult and uncertain situations due to the pandemic, many of us today might have felt like "a drowning man would grasp at a straw.*" In other words, we can understand or even relate to medieval people who tried any capable measures to cure their illness.
* The meaning of this phrase: In a crisis, a drowning man will try to use all the available resources at hand.
２）俊愈のレシピ—実際に温泉を煎じて薬湯を作ろう！—
Toshimasa's Recipe: Let's Make a Medicine by Decocting the Hot Spring Water!
ビデオ使用音楽 Music Used:
◉静止した宇宙 https://amachamusic.chagasi.com/music_seishishitauchu.html
